Housing data for the United States can be found in a variety of government sources. You can get some idea of the housing data available via the Census Bureau on their Housing topics page. There are also a variety of datasets available via the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, the most well-known perhaps being the American Housing Survey which is a longitudinal survey that focuses on "the size, composition, and quality of the nation’s housing and measuring changes in our housing stock as it ages".
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